Biography
Biography: Kakil Ibrahim Rasul
Abstract
A form of genomic instability, occurs through the insertion or deletion of repeating nucleotides during DNA replication and failure of the mismatch repair system to correct errors in nucleotide repeat markers, patients with functional MMR mechanisms are MSS or pMMR About 15% of all CRCs have dMMR activity this is due to inactivating “events” to one of several DNA MMR genes MSH2 and MLH1 (the “major” DNA MMR genes )MSH6 and PMS2 (the “minor” DNA MMR genes) dMMR) in CRC is manifested either by MSI , a PCR-based test for mutated microsatellite sequences on DNA extracted from tumor. Abnormal IHC, with absent expression of the involved MMR proteins Both tests can be done on surgical specimen or biopsies of neoplastic lesions, Both tests are stable for decades in paraffin MSI testing by PCR is more sensitive than IHC (~ 99% vs ~ 90-95%), but IHC is easier to obtain. This marker is important for the immunotherapy selection in metastatic CRC. Will have review of the markers with clinical studies clarifying the clinical implications of this biomarkers and cases from real life from my institute.